Note: The above table is populated with the data obtained from the corpus.quran.com.
Instances of kabura
There are 8 instances of kabura (كَبُرَ) in the verb I form in the Quran literally mean “to be great”, found in 8 verses of 8 surahs in the Quran to better understand its meaning in different contexts while we know that an Arabic word may have a range of meanings depending on the contexts:
[4:6] And you shall test the orphans until when they have reached an age of the marriage. So, if you have deemed sound judgment in them, then you shall deliver their wealth to them. And do not consume it in extravagance and haste that they will grow up (an yak’baruu). And whoever has been rich shall refrain, but whoever has been poor, then he shall consume (a portion of it) in the fair manner. Then when you have delivered their wealth to them, then you shall have witnesses on them. And it has sufficed with God as Reckoner.
[6:35] And if it has been extreme for you (prophet) of their aversion (wa in kana kabura `alayka i`’raadukum), then if you could have been able to seek a tunnel through the earth, or a ladder into the sky, even you could bring to them of a sign (would not work). But if God had willed, surely, He would have gathered them on the guidance. So, do not be among the ignorant ones.
[10:71] You (prophet) shall recite to them a news of Noah when he said to his people, “O my people, if it has been extreme for you (in kana kabura `alaykum) of my stay and my reminder with God’s revelations, then upon God I have put my trust. Then you shall gather your plan and your partners. Then do not be doubtful in your plan for you, then you shall judge me, and do not respite me.”
[17:51] “Or a creation of what has been great in your breasts (mimmaa yakbaru fee suduurikum).” Then they will say, “Who will bring us back?” Say, “The One who has created you first time.” Then they will shake their heads towards you and say, “When is it?” Say, “It could have been that it would be near.”
[18:5] They do not have any knowledge of it, nor did for their forefathers. It has been very grievous statement (kaburat kalimatan) coming out of their mouths. they do not say except a lie.
[40:35] Those who dispute in God’s revelations having no authority has come to them, has been great (ataahum kabura) is abhorrence near God and near those who have believed. Thus that God places a seal over every heart of a tyrant arrogant.
[42:13] He has decreed for you of the religion what He had enjoined Noah of it, and which we have inspired to you (Muhammad), and what we had enjoined Abraham of it, and Moses, and Jesus: That you shall establish the religion, and do not be divided in it. It has been extreme on the idol worshipers (kabura `alaa al-mush’rikeena) what you call them to it. God chooses to Himself whomever He wills and He guides to Himself whoever turns.
[61:3] It has been severe is hate (kabura maqtan) near God that you say what you do not do.
Instances of kabbir
There are 4 instances of kabbir (كَبِّرْ) in the verb II form in the Quran literally mean “to glorify”, found in 4 verses of 4 surahs in the Quran to better understand its meaning in different contexts:
[2:185] Ramadan which is a month has been sent down in it the Quran as guidance for mankind and clear proofs of the guidance and the statute book. So, whoever has witnessed the month from you, then he shall fast in it and whoever has been sick or on a journey, then a specified number from other days. God does intend the ease for you and He does not intend the hardship for you, and that you may complete the specified number; and that you may glorify God through which He has guided you (wa-li’tukabbiruu allaha `alaa maa hadaakum), and that you may appreciate.
[17:111] And say : “All praise to God, the One who does not take a son, nor would there be a partner for Him in the kingship, nor would there be a protector for Him out of the weakness, and glorify Him with all glorification (wa-kabbirhu takbiran).”
[22:37] Reaches God neither their meat, nor their blood, but reaches Him is the righteousness from you. Thus that He has subdued them to you that you may glorify God through which He has guided you (li’tukabbiruu allaha `alaa maa hadaakum), and give a good news to the good-doers.
[74:3] And your Lord that you shall glorify (wa-rabbaka fa-kabbir).
Instance of akbar
Here is an instance of akbar in the verb form V meaning to admire found in the following verse:
[12:31] Then when she had heard of their gossip, she sent for them, and prepared for them a comfortable place, and gave each one of them a knife, and she said (to him), “Come out before them.” Then when they had seen him, they so admired him and they cut their hands (akbarnahu wa-qatta`na aydeeyahunna). They said, “Forbid God, this is not a human; this is not except an honorable angel.”
Instances of yatakabbaru
Here are 2 instances of yatakabbaru in the verb form V meaning to be arrogant found in the following verses:
[7:13] He (God) said, “So, go down from here that it is not for you (Iblis) to be arrogant in here (fa-maa yakuunu laka an tatakabbara feehaa). So, get out; indeed, you are one of the disgraced.”
[7:146] I (God) will turn away from My revelations of those who will be arrogant in the earth having no justification (alladheena yatakabbaruuna fee al-ardi bighayri al-haqqi). And even they see every sign they will not believe in them. And if they see a path of the right they will not accept it as a path, but if they see a path of the error they will accept it as a path. That is of that they have denied in our revelations and they had been heedless from them.
Instances of is’takbara
There are 40 instances of is’takbara (ٱسْتَكْبَرَ) in the verb X form in the Quran literally mean “to be arrogant” found in 40 verses of 23 surahs in the Quran to better understand its meaning in different contexts:
[2:34] And when we said to the angels, “Prostrate to Adam,” then they had prostrated except Iblis; he had refused, and he had been arrogant (wa-is’takbara) and had been with the disbelievers.
[2:87] And certainly, we had given Moses the scripture, and we had followed up with the messengers after of him. And we had given Jesus, son of Mary the profound signs and had supported him with the Holy Spirit. Is it that whenever a messenger had come to you with what does not desire your egos, you had been arrogant (is’takbartum)? Then a party of you had denied and a party of you killed.
[4:172] The Messiah would never disdain to be a servant of God, nor would be the angels, the nearest ones (to Him). And whoever disdains from His worship and becomes arrogant (wa-yastakbir), then He will gather them all together to Him.
[4:173] So, as for those who have believed and have done the righteous deeds, then He will give them in full their reward, and will increase for them from His bounty. And as for those who have disdained and have been arrogant (alladheena is’tankafuu wa-is’takbaruu), then He will punish them a painful punishment, and they will not find for them other than God any protector, nor a helper.
[5:82] Surely, you (prophet) will find the people strongest in enmity to those who have believed are the Jews and those who have associated partners (with God). And surely, you will find nearest of them in friendship to those who have believed are those who said, “Indeed, we are Christians.” That is of that among them there are priests and monks, and that they do not be arrogant (wa-annahum laa-yastakbiruuna).
[6:93] And who is more evil than whoever has invented a lie about God, or said, “It has been inspired to me,” while it was not inspired anything to him, and whoever said, “I will send down like that God has sent down.” And if you could see when the wrongdoers are agonies of the death, while the angels are stretching out their hands, “Bring out your souls; today, you will be recompensed with the humiliating punishment for what you have done to say about God other than the truth, and you had been to be arrogant towards His revelations (wa-kuntum `an aayaatihi tastakbiruuna).”
[7:36] And those who have denied in our revelations and have been arrogant towards them (wa-is’takbaruu `anhaa), those are companions of the Fire – they will be dwellers in it (forever).
[7:40] Indeed, those who have denied in our revelations and have been arrogant towards them (wa-is’takbaruu `anhaa), will not open gates of the sky for them, nor will they enter the Paradise until the camel passes through an eye of the needle. And thus that we recompense the criminals.
[7:48] And there had called out companions of the Heights to a people recognizing them by their looks said, “There has not availed yourselves of your great numbers from you, and from what you had been to be arrogant (wa-maa kuntum tastakbiruuna).
[7:75] The leaders of those who had been arrogant (alladheena is’takbaruu) among his people said to those who had been oppressed of whoever had believed among them, “Do you know that Sãleh is a sent one from his Lord?” They said, “Indeed, we are believers in what has been sent with it.”
[7:76] Said those who had been arrogant (qaaluu alladheena is’takbaruu), “Indeed, we are disbelievers in that which you have believed in it.”
[7:88] Said the leaders of those who had been arrogant (alladheena is’takbaruu) among his (Shuaib) people, “Surely, we will drive you out, O Shu`aib, and those who have believed with you from our town, or you must return to our religion.” He said, “Even if have we been haters?”
[7:133] So, we had sent upon them the flood, and the locusts, and the lice, and the frogs, and the blood rain as profound signs, still they had been arrogant (fa-is’takbaruu) and they had been a criminal people.
[7:206] Indeed, those who are near your Lord, they do not be arrogant from His worship (laa-yastakbiruuna `an `ibaadatihi). And they glorify Him and to Him they prostrate.
[10:75] Then we had sent before after of them Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh and his advisers with our signs. But they had been arrogant (fa-is’takbaruu) and had been a criminal people.
[14:21] And they had come to God all together, then the weak said to those who had been arrogant (lilladheena is’takbaruu), “Indeed, we had been followers to you. Can you be preventers of us from a punishment of God from anything?” They said, “If God had guided us, surely, we would have guided you. It is same for us whether we have been impatient or we have been patient, there is no place of escape for us.”
[16:49] And to God prostrates whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth of any creature and the angels, and they do not be arrogant (wa-hum laa-yastakbiruuna).
[21:19] And to Him belongs whoever is in the heavens and the earth, and whoever is near of Him, they do not be arrogant from His worship (laa-yastakbiruuna `an `ibaadatihi), nor do they tire.
[23:46] To Pharaoh and his advisers that they had been arrogant (fa-is’takbaruu) and they had been an exalted people.
[25:21] And said those who do not expect our meeting, “Why has not been sent down the angels to us, or we see our Lord?” Certainly, they had been arrogant in themselves (laqadi is’takbaruu fee anfusihim) and had been insolent with a great insolence.
[28:39] And he (Pharaoh) had been arrogant (wa-is’takbara huwa) and his troops having no justification in the earth, and they had thought that they would not be returned to us.
[32:15] Only believe in our revelations are those when they have been reminded with them have fallen down as prostrators, and they have glorified with praise of their Lord, and they do not be arrogant (wa-hum laa-yastakbiruuna).
[34:31] And said those who have disbelieved, “We will not believe in this – the Quran, nor in that which was before of it.” And if you could see when the wrongdoers who will be made to stand before their Lord, will throw back the word of them to other. Will say those who had been oppressed to those who had been arrogant (lilladheena is’takbaruu), “If it were not you, surely, we would have been believers.”
[34:32] Said those who had been arrogant (alladheena is’takbaruu) to those who had been oppressed, “Had we prevented you from the guidance after when it had come to you? Nay, you had been criminals.”
[34:33] And said those who had been oppressed to those who had been arrogant (lilladheena is’takbaruu), “Nay, it was a plot by the night and the day when you order us that we disbelieve in God and we make equals to Him.” But they had concealed the regret when they had seen the punishment. And we have placed shackles around the necks of those who had disbelieved. Are they requited for what they had done to commit?
[37:35] Indeed, they had been when it had been said to them, “There is no god except God,” they became arrogant (yastakbiruuna).
[38:74] Except Iblis; he had been arrogant (is’takbara) and had been with the disbelievers.
[38:75] He said, “O Iblis, what has prevented you that you should prostrate to whom I have created with My hands? Have you been arrogant (astakbarta), or have you been with the exalted ones?”
[39:59] Yes; certainly, there had come to you My revelations, then you had denied in them, and had been arrogant (wa-is’takbarta), and had been among the disbelievers.
[40:47] And when they will dispute in the Fire, the weak will say to those who had been arrogant (lilladheena is’takbaruu), “Indeed, we had been followers to you, then can you avert from us a portion of the Fire?”
[40:48] Said those who had been arrogant (qaala alladheena is’takbaruu), “Indeed, we all are in it. Indeed, God certainly has judged between the slaves.”
[40:60] And said your Lord, “Call upon Me, and I will respond to you. Indeed, those who will be arrogant (alladheena yastakbiruuna) from worship of Me will enter Hell being humiliated ones.”
[41:15] Then as for Ad, that they had been arrogant in the earth (fa-is’takbaruu fee al-ardi) having no justification, and said, “Who is mightier than us in strength?” Did they not see that God is the One who has created them, He is mightier than them in strength? And they had done to deny in our revelations.
[41:38] Even if they had been arrogant (fa-in is’takbaruu), then those who are near your Lord glorify Him at the night and the day, and they do not tire.
[45:31] And as for those who have disbelieved: “Did not then is recited My revelations to you, but you had been arrogant (fa-is’takbartum) and had become a criminal people?”
[46:10] Say, “Have you seen if it has been from God and you have disbelieved in it? And it has testified a witness from the Children of Israel on like of it, then he has believed, while you have been arrogant (wa-is’takbartum). Indeed, God does not guide a people of the wrongdoers.”
[46:20] And a day will expose those who had disbelieved to the Fire: “You have exhausted your good times in your life of the world, and you have rejoiced in it. So, today you will be recompensed with the humiliating punishment because of that you had been arrogant (kuntum tastakbiruuna) in the earth having no justification, and because of that you had been to be disobedient.”
[71:7] And indeed me (Noah), every time I have invited them that You may forgive them, they have put their fingers in their ears, and have covered them with their clothes, and have been persistent, and have been arrogant with arrogance (wa-is’takbaruu is’tikbaaran).
[74:23] Then he has turned back and has been arrogant (thumma adbara wa-is’takbara).
When recited God’s revelations those who have denied in them are arrogant and the disbelievers, and when “laa-ilaaha illaa allah” (there is no god except God), the shahaadah of the believers is shared they become arrogant. Only believe in our revelations are those when they have been reminded with them have fallen down as prostrators and have glorified with praise of their Lord. Those who are arrogant from worship of God will enter Hell being humiliated ones, while they have exhausted their good times in the life of the world and have rejoiced in it forgetting their meeting with their Lord. On a day of Judgment followers and leaders will have no place of escape for them being both are criminals.
Peaceful Friday, salaam and God bless.
Tafazzal (03/14/2025).